Improvement in methods of pumping oil-wells



Patented Aprl18,1876.

D. C. BRAWLEY.

METHOD oF PUMPING on. WELLS.

'NITnD STATES 4PATENT IMPROVEMENT IN METHODSOF PUMPING OIL-WELLS.

Specificationformingpart of lLetters Patent No.;l76,274, dated April 18,1876; application filed February. 1o, 1876. Y

' 0f Pnrlientewneliin, in .the eennby ofiBntlei end State nfPenney-lvanintbave invented e new andvuseful Improvement ,iny Method ofPnnnning Oil-Welle; end-.Ille rbeliebtZ fleelefe the following te -be. afell, elean. andexnet de.- Serptien tberebf, .iefereneef beine' `had tethe eeeenlnenyine drawing, fer-ming part of this Speeieatinn, in Wbieb.-Fienrelis ,e .Sideview 0f? ille ilevieee need by .me in carryingiontinyinventibn. Showing? l the. mede whereby they are anchored. endheldv in working positicgnl in ,-,the-Well., Fig.' 2 isfa;

front view, showing the mode whereby my devieee are loosened and.renie-ved, freiathe well, Fig. 3 vis a sectional view of the devicesused for carryingeutwmy. invention, and Fig.`

4 is an enlarged sectional4 View of the work.` ingfbarrel, working-v,al\*e,` and connections therewith. n Y v Like letters of reference indicatelike parts in eaeln` 4 x 1- t Hitherte., in .the nnnlpine ,ef bilfwells,it` hasA been nsnal ,to extend eniien. tnbine te. er near the bottom ofthe welhhaving-a working,-bar-` relnttached tothe bottom of thetubing,{A A1 plnnger or working-valve Weeffihen extended', by -means ofsuckerrods to thebottom ofthe nibina and byA newer nnnlied.. from above,.Worked in said working-barrel., fereineithe oil through said tubing tothe top of the-well. This method of pumpingoilewells was expensive, asit was necessary to have both thetubing and suckerrods.

By my improvementy enabled. to dispense with the lsucker-rods in thewell, thus saving much4 time andlabor, as also the cost of Ithe sanne.

My invention .relates to devices for pumping oil and similar Wells.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I willdescribe its construction and .mode of operation.

In the drawing referred to a is the anchor at the bottom of the well,provided withjthe openings o1v pertbrations a for the passage of the oilfrom the oil-bearing rock. Above the i anchor o, and attached thereto,is the workythat the working-barrel is provided atthe top with the headand coupling d, throughvvhich ythe tube which takes the place ofthesuckerrod works. In the Working-barrel b is :the workin g or plungervalve e, which is attached to the sucker and conducting tube fin anylsuitable way. This tube f is au iron tube, from one-quarter inch totwo.A inohesiu inside diameter, the diameter varying accord ing to thecapacity of the well, and is con- -tinued to the, top of the well byextensible Aconnections of tubing in the usual way, and attached to. theWalking beam oftheA engine.

J ust abo-ve the connection with the workingf `valve o I make theopenings on perforations 72 through which the oil passes from the,.workl ing-barrel into the tube; Just above-thel per- Aforatiorls in the tubef I place the checkfvalve k. Attached to the head d isthestuflingif-boxh, through which the tube f works, and which -islledwith any suitable packing, l, secured and tightened therein by thefollower m.` This follower m is provided with screwfthread, which wor-ksin corresponding screwfthread in Athe box h, and also with the arms m'-m. Rigi'dly attached to the tubing f is; the `11a-t jar-head1). On thestuffing-box h, aboveits connection with the head d, I screw the` ringvin, upon which the packing frrests. This. packing r is of rubber,leather, cork, or otlierpsub- "stance suitable for the purpose. Slidingon the stuffing-box h is the hollow double-cones, the cone s taperingupwardly, and the cone s2 downwardly. At the top of the conels1v areVthe lugs or proiections s3. Attached to the hollow shoulder or yoke w,through which the tube f and jar-head p pass, are the reins c carryingthe slips or wedges t, which slide upon the upper cone s1. In the slipst are the slots tf, in which the lugs s3, on cone s, work. The hollowshoulder or yokew is flattened, so that the jar-head p will pass throughit when. in line therewith; but when given a quarter turn will form ajar therewith, either above or below the shoulder.

The method ot' securing and working my improved devices in the well isas follows: The devices are let down into the well in the position shownin Fig. 2, the wedges t and cone s being suspended on the jar-head p bythe shoulder w, so that they will not bind in the well, and the wholeapparatus being suspended and lowered on the working-tube f. When theanchor a strikes the bottom of` the Well, thejar-head p is turned inline with the shoulder 'w passing through it. The headp is then givenone-quarter turn, and is dropped upon the shoulder w, forming a jar andforcing the slips or wedges t down upon the cone s1 until they strikethe wall, when they, in turn, force the cone s2 into the packing r, andexpand it against the wall, thus preventing the liquid from escapingoutside of' the tube f. The friction of the wedges t upon the wall of'the well prevents the pressure ofl the packing from raising the cone.After the apparatus has been securely anchored in the well, the jarheadpis again turned in line with the shoulder or yoke w, and passing throughallows the working-valve e to enter the working-barrel b.

By means of power applied from the walking-beam, through theconducting-tube j', the working or plunger valve e is operated in saidworking-barrel b, drawing the oil from the openings in the well orcrevices in the rock through the anchor a, and standing valve c into theworking-barrel. Upon further operation of the working-valve the oil isforced above the valve through the perf'orations i into theconductingtube f to the top of the well, whence it is carried by hose orother connection to the tank. The check-valve lc, placed just above theperf'orations z', carries the oil in the conducting-tube f, and preventsits weight from bearing on the working-valve e and stufng-box h. Thisvalve k will not be in all cases necessary, as I find the apparatusworks well without it. When the packing in the stungbox h becomes loosethe flat jarhead p is lowered between the arms m of' the follower m, andbeing turned from above screws the follower into the box h, and thustightens the packing.

When the apparatus is to be withdrawn from the well the jar-head israised until it comes against the shoulder or yoke w. By jarring uponthe shoulder w the wedges t are lifted from their position, and withthem, by means of the lugs s3, the cone s, thus loosening the packing rand allowing the apparatus to be lifted to the top of' the well by thetubing fln some cases, where a smooth wall cannot be found at the bottomof' the well, it will be necessary to lengthen the connection betweenthe working barrel b and coupling-head d, and also the conducting-tube fby means of tubing of the proper size.

I am aware that a hollow piston-rod, having the piston valves or plungerconnected therewith, has been used in conjunction with a working'barrelor cylinder attached to the bottom of the well-casing or line of tubing,and do not herein claim such subject-matter but I am not aware thatthe'hollow piston and plunger have been so combined with aworking-barrel or cylinder that the barrel could be lowered by means of'the piston-romand then anchored in the well by suitable devices, so as'to dispense with the expensive line of tubing or casing, which hasheretofore been attached to the working-barrel, and by means of whichthe barrel has heretofore been lowered and retained in position andtherefore What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by LettersPatent, is-

1. In a pump, for oil and similar wells,'the combination of' theWorking-barrel and suitable devices, substantially as hereinafterdescribed, for anchoring the barrel with the plunger or bucket, and thedischarge-tube, connected to and adapted to reciprocate the plunger,substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination of the packing, the sliding cone, the jar, andsuitable intermediate devices for transmitting the stroke of the iar,substantially as and for the purpose specified.

3. The combination of' the packing, the sliding double cone, and thewedges or slips for locking the cone, substantially as specified.

4. The combination of the jar-head p, rigidly attached to tubing f,shoulder or yoke w, reins fv, and wedges t, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

5. The combination of' the tubing, the jarhead, the follower, andstufng-box, substantially as and for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof' I, the said DEWITT C. BRAWLEY, have hereunto setmy hand.

DEWITT C. BRAWLEY.

Witnesses:

JAMES I. KAY, J. J. CAMPBELL.

